游览弗吉尼亚州的谢南多厄山谷，了解该州的殖民定居点和弗农山

维吉尼亚是美国南部大西洋沿岸的一个州。它被称为总统的诞生地，因为美国有8位总统出生在弗吉尼亚州。波托马克河形成了弗吉尼亚州的东北边界。波托马克河将弗吉尼亚州、马里兰州和华盛顿特区分开。波托马克河流入大西洋的一个入口——切萨皮克湾。谢南多厄山谷位于弗吉尼亚州西北部。它位于蓝岭和阿勒格尼山脉之间。谢南多厄国家公园就位于这个地区。这个公园很受徒步旅行者的欢迎，是许多不同动物和植物物种的家园。弗吉尼亚州60%以上的人口是欧洲后裔。非洲裔美国人是一个重要的少数族裔，占20%。 Other groups represent smaller segments of the population. The largest cities in Virginia are Virginia Beach, Norfolk, Chesapeake, and Arlington. Since Virginia is so close to the country's capital, the state's economy is connected to the federal government. The Department of Defense employs many Virginians. The Pentagon, the headquarters for the Department of Defense, is in Virginia, as is the world's largest naval station, which is in Norfolk. Native Americans lived in Virginia for thousands of years before English settlers arrived. When the Europeans did arrive, the Powhatan confederacy was the largest native presence in the area. Virginia was the site of the first permanent settlement in America, the Jamestown colony. Colonists first arrived in 1607. The House of Burgesses was established in 1619. It was the first representative assembly formed in America. In 1624, Virginia became a royal colony. The first Africans in Virginia arrived there as servants in 1619. In the 1660s, the colony began bringing Africans there as slaves. Slavery grew quickly after that. Virginians played important roles as the colonies protested against Great Britain and eventually gained independence as the United States. Thomas Jefferson, George Washington, Patrick Henry, and James Madison were all from Virginia. Virginia became the 10th state of the new country when it ratified the U.S. Constitution in 1788. Powhatan was the most powerful Native American leader in the area when Jamestown was founded. At first, he tried to get along with the English settlers, but they kept taking more land. After Powhatan allowed his daughter Pocahontas to marry an Englishman, peace prevailed until Powhatan's death. George Washington is commonly called the "father" of his country. After he served as the first president of the United States, he retired to Mount Vernon, his estate in Virginia. Nat Turner was a slave who led the only effective slave rebellion in U.S. history. In 1831, he and his followers murdered dozens of whites throughout Virginia. Turner was captured and executed. He became a martyr for the cause of freedom. Katherine Johnson was an African American mathematician. Her work was essential to the success of the U.S. space program in the 1960s and 70s. She spent most of her career working for the government space program in Virginia.